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PEDRAW.DOC
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1991-07-24
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
PEDRAW is a program which draws out family trees in either text
or graphics mode. It is designed to be used to help with
genetics research, especially linkage analysis using the LINKAGE
and LINKSYS packages.
* OVERVIEW
Data about the structure of the pedigree and about the
individuals within it is read in from a data file which can have
one of a variety of formats. One individual is selected and his
relatives are displayed either diagramatically using shaded
symbols or else as paragraphs of text linked by the IBM box
character set. The pedigree is saved to disk in either Microsoft
Paint Format or as a text file.
* SPECIFICATIONS
Needs a PC, DOS 2.0 or higher, 350K of RAM, any graphics monitor
type. To do graphics pedigrees of a reasonable size you'll need
a hard disk with some free space on it. To print out graphics
you need an Epson or IBM compatible dot matrix printer, or a
PostScript or HP-compatible laser printer, or you need Microsoft
Windows or some other program that can read Microsoft Paint
(MSP) files so you can use its printer drivers. The number of
individuals displayed is limited by the amount of available
memory. Multiple marriages and in-breeding can be accommodated
to a reasonable extent, though may require some trial and error
to produce the best result.
* PROGRAM MENU FUNCTIONS
Options are selected using the Up and Down arrow keys, followed
by Enter (CR). Jump straight to an option by pressing the key
corresponding to the first letter of the option's name. The Esc
key generally quits a menu to the one at a higher level.
* Load pedigree file
Loads a file in from disk. File must be of acceptable format
(see section on "Data files"). If the file has extension .DAT,
.SDF, .PED or .PPD then the appropriate format is assumed,
otherwise the user must specify the format.
* Edit a file
A simple text editor is supplied enabling the user to read or
edit a file on disk or create a new file. The F1 provides help
listing the functions available and the Esc key quits the editor
so that the file can be saved to disk. This editor can be used
to edit data files if desired.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
* Save pedigree file
The pedigree data in memory is saved to disk. You are advised to
give the file the extension .DAT so that it will be correctly
recognised when it is subsequently loaded by PEDRAW.
* Adjust pedigree
Use this option to alter current pedigree data or create new
data (by adding members). Every individual must have a unique
ID, and the structure of the pedigree is determined by
specifying the ID's of parents where relevant. Only the last
three digits of the ID will be displayed in the pedigree
diagram, and the rest of the ID may refer e.g. to family number.
The shading is determined by the diagnosis code: 1 for filled
in, 2 for half-filled and other numbers up to 9 for patterned
shading. If 100 is added to this code the individual is marked
as dead. When adding or editing a member, press F10 when the
information is complete, or Esc to cancel the operation.
Promoting and demoting members moves them to the start or end of
the list of pedigree members, controlling the way the pedigree
will be displayed (for further information see the section
explaining the algorithm used).
* Configure settings
This option is used to adjust the way the pedigree is drawn. The
current configuration can be saved to disk, or a previously
saved configuration can be loaded. If a configuration is saved
to the file PEDRAW.CFG in the current working directory, then
that configuration will be automatically loaded the next time
PEDRAW is run from that directory.
When the option to change the configuration is selected, any of
the command line flags can be entered if desired (see section on
"Flags"), but unless the program is being run in batch mode it
is best just to press Enter to edit the options individually.
If "Graphic display" is set to N a text file will be created
with extension .TRE. The default is instead to produce a
graphical display of the pedigree structure.
If "Conceal sex" is set to Y then all individuals will be
displayed as diamonds. This is to improve confidentiality when
pedigrees are published.
If "Conceal diagnosis" is set to Y then no individuals will be
shaded. This is to maintain blindness among other members of the
research team, e.g. laboratory workers assigning genotype.
If "Codes for Epson printer" is set to Y then at the start of a
text file (TRE file) the codes to make an Epson printer output
the IBM box character set correctly are added (otherwise you
would get italics, etc.). This has no effect on ordinary
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
graphics (MSP) files.
If "File name for saved diagram" is left blank then a default
filename will be used, consisting of the ID of the individual of
used as the pedigree ancestor with the extension .MSP for
graphics files or .TRE for text files. So the pedigree diagram
produced by selecting individual 12099 as the ancestor would be
saved to file 12099.MSP. If the filename is set to 0 then the
diagram will not be saved to disk, only displayed on screen.
Otherwise any filename can be specified and the diagram will be
saved with that name.
The "Title" can be set to say anything. It will be printed out
under the pedigree diagram.
The "Numbers of lines to show" refers to which lines are to be
displayed. The default is the first 5. Line 1 is the ID line,
and then lines 2 to 11 are the optional text lines. The line
numbers are entered separated by commas. To display the ID, if
the ID contains a hyphen it is assumed that the LINKSYS format
is used so that members have ID's such as 1-2, 2-3, etc.
Therefore the first digit before the hyphen and all subsequent
characters are displayed. If there is no hyphen in the ID code,
it is assumed that the last 3 digits of the ID refer to the code
of an individual within a family, and that the earlier
characters may refer to the family code. Accordingly only the
last 3 digits are displayed (and leading zeroes are removed).
With the text lines, the number of characters displayed depends
on the width of the symbols and of the gap between symbols.
The symbol and gap height and width in pixels can be set. The
minimum values for these are 4 and the maximum depends on the
screen type. The sum of the symbol width and gap width must be a
multiple of eight. The extra line height refers to the vertical
space taken up by extra lines which are created either when
multiple marriages occur or when a line is drawn through the
pedigree when an intermarriage has occurred. The tip is that if
you want to leave room for more characters of text lines to be
displayed, the best thing to do is to increase the width of the
gap between symbols but leave other dimensions unchanged.
It is possible to limit the number of generations to be printed,
perhaps if you have trouble fitting them on paper.
The "Show all members" option is quite important. If it is set
to N (the default) then when a pedigree is drawn and an ancestor
is selected, only his descendants and their spouses (and their
spouses' descendants and their spouses' spouses) are displayed.
If the "Show all members" option is set to Y then the program
looks for the oldest ancestor of each person marrying in to the
pedigree and shows all their descendants as well. In addition
the original ancestor used is not the person selected by the
user but that person's oldest ancestor, so this option can be
useful if you have forgotten the pedigree structure and want to
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
have the ancestor selected automatically. See the section
explaining the algorithm used for fuller details of how the
program behaves.
The maximum number of rows (generations) and columns in the
pedigree diagram can be altered from the default values, though
the numbers that can in practice be used are limited by the
available memory.
* Display pedigree
Once the pedigree structure has been set up this option enables
you to display it on screen and save the diagram to disk. Just
select the individual whose descendants are to be drawn.
* Make key
Produce a simple key for the pedigree diagram indicating the
scheme used for shading symbols. The file giving this
information must already exist on disk (it can be created with
the "Edit a file option"). The format of the file is that there
is one optional title line for the key, followed by up to ten
lines each beginning with a number followed by an explanation of
the diagnosis this represents, e.g.:
Key for manic depressive pedigree
1 Bipolar disorder
2 Unipolar depression
0 Unaffected
100 Deceased
A male symbol shaded appropriately will be drawn followed by the
text given.
You will also be prompted for the name of the file to save the
key to, and this should have the extension MSP, e.g. KEY.MSP.
Alternatively entering 0 for the filename will prevent the key
being saved to disk.
* Use DOS
Enter any DOS commands, e.g. to copy, rename or delete files, or
run another program if there is enough memory left.
* Quit program
Quit program. Beware, all unsaved data will be lost!
* FLAGS
These can either be entered on the command line, when the
program is first run, or when the "Configure settings" option is
chosen, or in batch mode instead of an ID. All flags may be
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
upper or lower case. To use flags on the command line enter:
PEDRAW /FLAG1 /FLAG2 etc.
or:
PEDRAW datafile.dat /FLAG1 /FLAG2 etc.
The section on the "Configure settings" option clarifies the
effects of some of the flags.
/P or /P1 - draw Pictures, enter graphics mode.
/P0 - leave graphics mode, display text.
/E or /E1 - send a code to the text file which instructs Epson-
compatible printers to print the graphics character
set correctly - this is the default.
/E0 - do not insert special characters into text file, to
allow output to e.g. IBM compatible printers and
some word processors.
/Gx - print only first x generations, default is 6.
/Lx - determines whether or not a line from an
individual's entry is displayed; the default is to
just display the last three digits of an
individual's ID number (line 1 displayed) and the
first four text lines but up eleven lines can be
displayed. To turn, for example, line 6 on enter
/L6. To turn a line off again the negative number
is used, e.g. /L-2. x = 1 to 11 or -1 to -11.
/Ttitle - set the title to the words following /T, until the
next / is encountered. This will not work for more
than one word if the switch is used on the command
line.
/Ffile - sets the filename to save the pedigree diagram to.
/F0 means don't save it. /F means use default name.
/A - attempts to display all relatives; when an ancestor
is entered the program seeks to find his oldest
ancestor; when all that ancestor's descendants have
been displayed the family trees of everybody
marrying into the pedigree are then mapped out, and
so on.
/B or /B1 - blanks out diagnoses, all symbols are left
unshaded.
/B0 - shades symbols according to coding.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
/U or /U1 - unsexes individuals so that all symbols are
displayed as diamonds regardless of gender.
/U0 - displays males as squares, females as circles.
/M - use menus, quit batch mode.
/Cx - set maximum number of columns in the pedigree
diagram to x. Default is 200.
/Rx - set maximum number of rows (generations) in the
pedigree diagram to x (though number actually
displayed can be limited by /G). Default is 8.
/SWx - Set symbol width in pixels to x. Default is 24.
/GWx - Set width of gap between symbols in pixels to x.
Note that the width of the symbol plus the width of
the gap must sum to a multiple of 8. Default is 16.
/SHx - Set symbol height in pixels to x. Default is 24.
/GHx - Set height of gap between symbols in pixels to x.
Default is 16.
/Hx - Set height of extra lines (for second marriages,
etc. ) in pixels to x. Default is 12.
* DATA FILES
PEDRAW accepts pedigree data arranged in one of four formats: as
a PEDRAW data file, as a LINKSYS SDF file, or as a LINKAGE PED
file either before or after passing through MAKEPED. PEDRAW
determines the format of the file by its extension. If the
filename ends .DAT then it is assumed to be in PEDRAW format. If
it ends .SDF it is assumed to be in LINKSYS SDF format (produced
by using the "Export" option of LINKSYS). If it has the
extension .PED it is assumed to be a LINKAGE pedigree data file
before MAKEPED has been run on it (i.e. without sibling
pointers), and if it has the extension .PPD then it is assumed
to be a LINKAGE pedigree file output from MAKEPED. If the data
file has none of these extensions then the program will ask
which format the file is in. Note that there is no way to
override the default interpretation. That is if you have a
LINKAGE file called PEDATAIN.DAT, PEDRAW will misread the file
and report an error. The file would have to be renamed e.g. to
PEDATAIN.PPD before PEDRAW could use it.
* PEDRAW data file format
This is the format in which PEDRAW itself saves files. The file
should be saved with the extension .DAT. This format will be
created automatically when pedigree data is saved using the
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"Save pedigree file" option. The file is a plain text file which
can be created by a word processor or the text editor supplied
with PEDRAW (selected by the "Edit a file" option), or if
pedigree information is kept in a database a report can be set
up to export information in the correct format.
Each individual needs at least 13 lines. The first line contains
the ID. The second line is the gender (M, F or X) and an
optional diagnosis code which is a number from 0 to 9 to
indicate how the symbol will be shaded. If 100 is added to this
number the individual is marked as dead. The diagnosis code is
separated from the gender by a comma. The next line optionally
contains the ID's of the father then mother, separated by a
comma. The next ten lines can contain any text. The maximum
length of a an ID or text line is 20 characters. Example:
12032
F,4
12048,12060
Miss Linda Smith
Schizophrenic
AB
pos
wx
Rr
... four more lines, some can be blank.
Note that there is no obligation to keep separate pedigrees in
separate files. Information about several pedigrees can be
stored in the same data file, provided each individual has a
unique ID.
A diagnosis code of 1 shades solid, 2 is half-filled and the
other numbers produce different patterns. Males are squares,
females circles and unknowns (X) diamonds.
* Other data formats
These are only worth using if you are actually using the LINKSYS
and/or LINKAGE programs, so the format of the files will not be
described. Files can only be read in from these formats, not
saved (though the data input can then be saved in PEDRAW
format).
The SDF format is created from LINKSYS by using the "Export"
option. If PEDRAW reads such a file in it treats it in the
following way:
1. A new ID is created by concatenating the individual's family
name with the LINKSYS ID to create a new unique name (meaning
that information about several different pedigrees can be
contained in the one SDF file). So individual 2-5 from pedigree
F9 becomes F92-5.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
2. Each of the (up to) ten phenotype codes is read into the ten
text lines.
3.In a somewhat feeble attempt to guess diagnosis the program
assumes that the first phenotype code refers to affection
status. If it begins with a "2" or contains a "-2" (e.g. if the
phenotype code is "1-2") then the PEDRAW diagnosis code is set
to 1 (for solid shading). Otherwise it is set to 0. If this does
not end up right the diagnosis codes can be adjusted
subsequently by hand using the "Adjust pedigree" option.
LINKAGE pedigree files can be read in directly (handy for
checking coding). There must be at least two spaces between
locus codes, and only single spaces between the symbols within a
locus code, i.e. PEDRAW expects to find codes such as:
2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
PEDRAW expects to find a file with extension .PED to be in a
format suitable to be read by MAKEPED, and with .PPD if the file
has been output by MAKEPED. This clashes with the convention
suggested in the most recent LINKAGE documentation of having the
former with an extension .DAT and the latter with an extension
.PED. The PEDRAW convention is the one used by LINKSYS and files
may have to be renamed accordingly.
LINKAGE files are treated as follows:
1. A unique ID number is constructed by multiplying the pedigree
number by 1000 and adding the individual number, so that
individual 2 from pedigree 3 gets an ID of 3002.
2. Each of the locus codes is read into a text line. Single
spaces within locus codes are removed, so that 0 1 1 becomes
011.
3. As for LINKSYS files, PEDRAW attempts to guess the diagnosis
code by assuming that the first locus code is affection status.
If the first digit of the first locus code is 2 the diagnosis
code is set to 1 (for solid shading), otherwise it is set to 0.
* USING PEDRAW IN BATCH MODE
Usually PEDRAW is operated interactively from menus. It is also
possible to run PEDRAW in batch mode so that it takes all its
entry from standard input, meaning that input can be redirected
into PEDRAW using DOS commands. The way to start PEDRAW in batch
mode is to give the name of a data file on the command line
e.g.:
PEDRAW EXPED.DAT
The data file must exist and must have the extension .DAT or
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
.SDF or .PED or .PPD so that PEDRAW knows what format to expect.
PEDRAW then moves directly to the "Display pedigree" option and
awaits the input of the ID of an individual whose descendants
are to be displayed. However in batch mode it is possible
instead to enter flags at this point. PEDRAW carries on reading
commands from standard input until either there is an error, or
until the end of the input file is reached, or until an 'X' is
input or until the /M flag is selected. If the end of file is
reached or an 'X' is input the program exits, otherwise it just
reverts back to ordinary menu-driven operation. To use PEDRAW
with redirected input one might run it like so:
PEDRAW EXPED.DAT < INPUT.JF
Here INPUT.JF would contain a list of ID's and flags as follows:
12880
13990
/l-2 /l-3 /f1out.msp /tRelatives of number 14001 /a
14001
x
This would display the descendants of 12880 and 13990, saving
the diagrams to 12880.MSP and 13990.MSP, then would draw a
diagram of all the relatives of 14001 and save it in the file
1OUT.MSP with an appropriate title. The x at the end is not
strictly necessary but marks the end of file and quits PEDRAW.
Note that in batch mode the normal editing keys do not work
(cursor keys, control-left-arrow, etc.).
* SETTING THE GRAPHICS DISPLAY
If the program won't display graphics and prints the message
"fg_init() failed" then you will have to set an environment
variable to the name of your display type. To do this, before
you run PEDRAW type the following line:
SET FG_DISPLAY=xxxx
except instead of xxxx type one of the following:
HERC
CGAHIRES
EGAECD
VGA11
VGA12
EGAMONO
EGACOLOR
TOSHIBA
8514A
Which one you type depends on the kind of display you have which
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
you will have to determine from reading your computer manual or
by asking your supplier. So if you have a Hercules-compatible
display you would type:
SET FG_DISPLAY=HERC
and if you had a CGA display you would type:
SET FG_DISPLAY=CGAHIRES
and so on. You may want to put this line in your AUTOEXEC.BAT
file.
* PRINTING OUT PEDIGREES
Text pedigrees can be read into a word processor and printed out
from there, or can be printed directly to an Epson or IBM
compatible printer with the following command:
COPY filename.tre PRN
Graphics pedigrees can be input into Microsoft Paint, edited if
necessary, and then output to a printer. New versions of Paint
no longer work correctly with large diagrams. Other programs
designed to work with Microsoft Paint files can also be used,
for example WordPerfect 5 works well (at least for small
pedigrees) and can be used to incorporate pedigree diagrams into
text.
To print out pedigrees without using Microsoft Windows the
program PRMSP.EXE can be used to print MSP files to an Epson or
IBM compatible dot-matrix printer or a laser printer:
PRMSP filename.msp
The full details of the options available with PRMSP are as
follows:
Format: PRMSP infile.msp [outfile.prn] [/flag1 /flag2 etc.]
infile.msp - the name of the saved MSP file to be printed out.
outfile.prn - the name of a file to be printed to. This is
optional and if no name is given then the printer (PRN) will be
used instead.
/I - this flag means print to an IBM-compatible printer instead
of an Epson-compatible printer.
/P - this flag means print the pedigree with the paper in
"portrait" orientation - across the page - instead of the
default "landscape" orientation - down the page. Note that in
earlier versions of PRMSP this had the opposite effect because
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
it was taken to refer to the orientation of the diagram rather
than the paper.
/H - high density - will work only with Epson-compatible 24-pin
printer to give a picture three times smaller than above, or
twice as small on a Hewlett-Packard compatible laser printer.
/D - draught mode - should be quicker but lower quality for dot
matrix printers in high density mode or "portrait" orientation.
On Hewlett-Packard compatible laser printers prints out double
normal size.
/Snumber - this flag means print "number" spaces before each
line of the picture - use it to control where the graph appears
on the page. The default is 6. (Only for dot matrix printers.)
/Lnumber - this flag controls the line spacing on the printer,
as used by the ESC A command. By default "number" is set to 8,
but if the lines of your graph come out separated or
overlapping, then using this flag may help you to adjust the
line-spacing to produce a better picture. (Only for dot matrix
printers.)
/Fnumber - this flag lets you determine whether a line feed (new
line) character is sent to your printer with each carriage
return character. If number is 0 then no line feed is sent, if
it is 1 then a line feed is sent. The default is 1. If your
graph comes out "double-spaced" - with gaps between each line -
then specifying /F0 may cure the problem. (Only for dot matrix
printers.)
/FF - send a formfeed (new page) after printing the file. (You
must use this flag on the last file you print on a PostScript
printer, but other files can be printed on the same page first.)
/HP - produce output for a Hewlett-Packard compatible laser
printer.
/PS - produce output for a PostScript printer.
For Hewlett-Packard or PostScript printers only:
/OXnumber - x origin, default 72. Measured in points (1/72")
approximately from the bottom left corner of an A4 page.
/OYnumber - y origin, default 72 in "portrait" orientation for
bottom left corner, or 720 in "landscape" orientation for top
left corner.
For PostScript printers only:
/SXnumber - x scale, default 1.0.
/SYnumber - y scale, default 1.0.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
/ROnumber - rotation about origin, default 0.0
Example use of PRMSP:
PRMSP 12990.MSP TEMP.PRN /S12 /I
The file 12990.MSP would be printed out to the file TEMP.PRN, in
a format suitable for sending to an IBM-compatible printer. Then
later TEMP.PRN could be printed by entering:
PRINT TEMP.PRN
The advantage of this is that by using the DOS PRINT command
printing occurs in background - you can get on with other things
while the graph is being printed.
Note: except in the case of PostScript printers, PRMSP cannot
work if your computer does not send 8 data bits to the printer.
This is sometimes altered by the MODE command which is usually
in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file - see your DOS manual for details - and
it is especially likely to have been used if your printer is on
a serial cable rather than the ordinary "Centronics" parallel
cable. Also make sure that your printer is set to receive 8 bits
rather than 7 - see your printer manual if you have problems.
Note that to print just one file on a PostScript printer you
should use the /FF flag to produce a formfeed.
* EXPLANATION OF MAPPING ALGORITHM
This is provided so that the optimum order for including people
in the data file can be decided upon. The aim would be to reduce
the number of crossings over of lines, and to avoid having to
repeat individuals in different parts of the diagram.
In general people are added to the pedigree diagram in order
from top to bottom and from left to right. The algorithm used is
as follows:
1. An individual whose descendants are to be displayed is
selected by the user.
2. If the option to extend the pedigree and show all members is
selected then instead of starting with the individual given the
program attempts to begin with the oldest ancestor of this
individual it can find.
3. The following process is repeated (recursively) for each
individual in turn, beginning with the common ancestor provided.
A. The index individual is marked as "dealt with", and is drawn.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
B. The next spouse of the index individual is selected. The next
spouse is the one who has a child which appears in the data file
before the children of other spouses, provided that the spouse
is not marked as "dealt with".
C. Each of the children of the index individual and this spouse
is in turn selected. If the child has already been drawn then a
line will be drawn from the current sibship to the place where
the child appears in the pedigree, unless the child has been
shown in an earlier generation (when the line would have to go
"uphill"), in which case the child is drawn again but is marked
as a repeat ("REP"). If the child is not marked as "dealt with"
it is set as the new index individual and the process beginning
in 3A is applied to it (i.e. it's spouses and children will be
displayed).
D. If the option to extend the pedigree and show all members is
selected then the oldest ancestor of the spouse is added to a
"to-be-done-later" list.
E. The spouse is set to be the new index individual and the
process beginning in 3A is applied to it.
4. If the option to extend the pedigree and show all members is
selected then for everyone in the "to-be-done-later" list the
process beginning in 3A is applied.
The above algorithm actually works quite well, even for fairly
complex pedigrees. However it does fall down if there is a
complete marriage loop, as when a husband has children by his
ex-wife's ex-husband's ex-wife. If H1 has children by W1 and W1
has children by H2 and H2 has children by W2, then if W2 has
children by H1 the program will not display them (or the
marriage between H1 and W2) because H1 will already be marked as
"dealt with" by the time the circle comes round to him again. A
similar thing would happen if a man had children by his ex-
wife's ex-husband's daughter. In practice this should rarely be
a problem and I have no intention of fixing it at present. You
will have to work round it by creating a dummy individual to
break the loop.
To avoid having unnecessary repeated individuals, make sure that
the ancestor belonging to the earliest generation is given
first. Note that to force a sibship of a given parent to be
shown first it is only necessary to promote one of the sibs in
it to be first in the data file. However to force a sibship to
be last all the sibs must come after all the other children of
that parent.
I don't know whether to recommend that the easiest way to get
the best-looking pedigree is to try to understand the algorithm
or just use trial and error. In my experience it is almost
always possible to get whole the pedigree displayed without any
repeats.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
* EXAMPLE SESSION
To help explain the above I have enclosed an example data file
called EXPED.DAT. Use a text editor or word processor to read it
or print it out by entering:
PRINT EXPED.DAT
To produce pedigrees proceed as follows.
First make sure that you are logged on to the disk containing
the above programs, and that you have changed directory (using
CHDIR) to the one that contains them. Then enter:
PEDRAW
Using the up-and-down arrows highlight the "Load pedigree file"
option and press Enter. Press Enter twice more to see a list of
all files in the subdirectory. Highlight EXPED.DAT and select it
by pressing Enter. The data file should be loaded in without
problems.
Highlight the "Display pedigree" option and select it with
Enter. Press Enter again to see a list of ID's of everyone in
the pedigree. Highlight 12990 and select it with Enter. The
pedigree should be displayed (if not see the section on "Setting
the graphics display"). Press Esc and the diagram will be saved
to disk with the name 12990.MSP.
Press Esc again to return to the main menu, then select "Quit"
to leave PEDRAW.
If you have Microsoft Windows then you may wish to run that and
then select the file 12990.MSP to open with Paint. You can label
the pedigree with that and then print it out in the usual way.
If you do not have Microsoft Windows, print out the pedigree by
entering:
PRMSP 12990.MSP
To see how PEDRAW uses .PED files, try selecting EXPED.PED
instead of EXPED.DAT and choose the ancestor 4001.
* MICROSOFT PAINT UTILITIES
In addition to PRMSP, a number of utility programs for
manipulating Microsoft paint files are provided. These programs
are for resizing, joining and viewing files. They all work only
on "old format" paint files, so they will not work on files
saved from newer versions of Microsoft paint, or on .BMP files.
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
However it should be possible to read the results in to Windows
paint without any difficulty (I think). Please note that these
programs may be quite slow on some computers.
* Resizing paint files
This can be done using the SIZEMSP.EXE program. Running this
program on its own gives you the current size of a paint file in
pixels:
SIZEMSP filename.msp
The size of the file is adjusted by entering four numbers to
increase the left, right, top, and bottom margins by that number
of pixels. The numbers for the left and right margins must be
divisible by eight. Negative numbers cut off that number of
pixels from the appropriate edge. E.g.:
SIZEMSP filename.msp 16 16 4 -6
Adds white space 16 pixels wide to the left and right edges,
adds 4 blank lines of pixels at the top, and snips off 6 lines
of pixels at the bottom.
* Viewing paint files
You can view files without having to print them out or load
Windows by entering:
VIEWMSP filename.msp
If the file is too big to be displayed on the screen you can
move around it using the cursor keys. Pressing the Escape key
quits the program.
* Joining paint files
Files can be combined into a larger paint file, either side by
side using SPLICMSP.EXE, or one under the other using
TAGMSP.EXE. The format for both programs is the same:
TAGMSP file1.msp file2.msp [file3.msp ...] newfile.msp
Several files can be joined at once in this way.
* HYPERTEXT HELP
This documentation is available as a set of files which can be
read as pop-up hypertext help using MaxThink's HyperRez program.
If you have these files (generally distributed in the HELPINST
archive) then to read them first change into the directory in
which the files are located, then enter HR to load the program.
One can then change to another directory, and thereafter
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
pressing the hot key combination (by default Control-B) at any
time will pop up the help. The hot key combination can be
changed using the HRK program supplied. Pressing F1 then
provides brief instructions on using the utility. With some
monitor types it would probably be unwise to attempt to pop up
the help when the monitor is in graphics mode, i.e. while a
pedigree diagram is actually being drawn or displayed. Otherwise
it can provide a useful reminder of how to use PEDRAW, although
having the program loaded (or any other pop-up program) does
take up a small amount of memory which therefore becomes
unavailable to PEDRAW.
* CLOSING COMMENTS
All trademarks acknowledged. PEDRAW is freely distributed to
educational institutions, public health institutions and
individuals for their private use. All other users (including
private hospitals) must register the program before using it.
Contact me at the address below for details.
I would be very glad to hear of comments/problems/suggestions
for improvements. One thing that is somewhat unsatisfactory but
that I probably will not be changing is the way that diagonal
lines which mark someone as deceased are rather short and get
truncated at the edges of the screen. I probably won't be
improving the facilities to print out pedigrees either, as
programs such as Windows do exist to do this and it is a rather
tedious way of reinventing the wheel. The text mode has now
fallen behind the graphics mode, but I have no real plans to
bring it back in line. Other features can be adjusted within
limits according to user demand, and if somebody has special
requirements then I may well be able to accommodate them.
PEDRAW is written in C++ and makes fairly heavy use of routines
from the Zortech Flash Graphics library and C++ toolkit. I would
be willing to distribute to the source code to appropriate
individuals who wish to modify it (though it is not well
documented). Unfortunately I have made various modifications to
the toolkit and so I would have to pass that on as well, so
anybody wanting this code would have to furnish me with proof
that they had a copy of the toolkit already, e.g. by sending me
a listing of a header file or two.
As far as upgrades are concerned, I will try to maintain a list
of people I know who are using PEDRAW and I may periodically
send out a notice announcing if I have made any significant
changes. If you did not obtain the program directly from me it
may be worth sending me your address so that I can add you to
this list. I aim to keep up-to-date versions at the following
sites from which they will be available by e-mail or anonymous
ftp:
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PEDRAW.DOC v1.2
USA: SIMTEL collection
Numerous mirror sites available by anonymous ftp and e-mail.
Europe mailserver:
mailserv@fi.uwasa.garbo
Send mail with Subject: garbo-request
and message: send help
gene-server:
Internet gene-serverbchs.uh.edu
BITNET/
EARN gene-server%bchs.uh.edu@CUNYVM
UUCP gene-server@bchs.UUCP (new style)
Send mail with Subject: SEND DOS HELP
European:
Anonymous FTP: nic.fun.com
E-mail: mailserver@nic.funet.fi
Send mail message: HELP
European EMBL server:
NETSERV@EMBL.BITNET
Send mail message: DIR DOS_SOFTWARE
USA anonymous FTP:
manager: gilbertd@iubio.bio.indiana.edu
UK only (JANET):
call: uk.ac.lancs.pdsoft
mailserver: archive-server@uk.ac.lancs.pdsoft
Send message: send micros/ibmpc/INDEX
Reference: CURTIS D. A program to draw pedigrees using LINKAGE
or LINKSYS data files. Annals of Human Genetics 1990 54: 365-
367.
This work was supported in part by a post-doctoral training
fellowship from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur
Foundation Mental Health Research Network I (Psychobiology of
Depression).
Copyright Dave Curtis 1990
Academic Department of Psychiatry
University College and Middlesex School of Medicine
Middlesex Hospital
Mortimer Street
London W1N 8AA, England Phone: 071 636 8333
x. 3049
Janet: dc@UK.AC.UCL.SM.PSYCH
Elsewhere: dc@PSYCH.SM.UCL.AC.UK
EARN/Bitnet: dc%PSYCH.SM.UCL@UKACRL
Usenet: ...!mcsun!ukc!mrccrc!D.Curtis
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